数字图像处理与边缘检测(英译中).docVIP

Digital?Image?Processing?and?Edge?Detection Digital?Image?Processing Interest??in?digital?image?processing?methods??stems?from?two? principal??applica-?tion?areas:?improvement??of?pictorial?information??for?human?interpretation;???and ?processing? of ?image? data ?for ?storage, ?transmission,? ?and? representation???forau-?tonomous? ?machine?perception. An?image?may?be?defined??as?a?two,dimensional??function,?f(x,?y),?where?x?and?y?are?spatial?(plane)??coordinates,??and?the?amplitude?? of?f?at?any?pair?of?coordinates(x,?y)? is? called ?the ?intensity?or?graylevel?of? the? image ?at ?that? point.?When?x,?y,?and?the?amplitudevalues?of?f?are?all?finite,? discrete??quantities,??we ?call ?the?image?a?digital?image.? The?field?of?digital?image?processing?refers?to?processing?digital?images?by?means?of?a?digital?computer.??Note?that?a?digital?image?is?composed?of?a?finite?number??of?elements,?each?of?which?has?a?particular??location?and?value.?These?elements??are?referred??to?as?picture?elements,?image?elements,?pels,?and?pixels.?Pixel?is?the?term?most?widely?used?to?denote??the?elements??of?a?digital?image. Vision?is?the?most?advanced??of?our?senses,?so?it?is?not?surprising?that?images?play?the?single?most?important?rolein?human?perception.??However,??unlike?humans,?who?are?limited?to?the? visual ?band?of?the?electromagnetic???(EM)??spec-?trum, ?imaging ?machines??cover?almost??the?entire??EM?spectrum,? ?ranging? ?from?gamma?to?radio?waves.?They?can ?operate?? on? images?generated??by?sources?that?humans? ?are? not? accustomed??to?associating??with?images.?Theseinclude??ultra-?sound,?electron??microscopy,?and?computergeneratedimages.?Thus,? digital ?image?processing??encompasses??a?wide?and?varied?field?of?applications. There?is?no?general??agreement?among?authors?regarding??where?image ?processing? stops? and?other??related??areas,?such?as?image?analysis?and?computer??vi-?sion,?start.? Sometimes??a?distinction??is?made??by?defining?image?processing??as?a?discipline ?in?