关于大学入学考试动词的知识点.doc

第八讲 动词和动词词组 思维导图: 动词考点：时态，语态，非谓语动词，主谓一致 动词的分类: 实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词的用法 动词的分类： 实义动词、助动词、系动词、情态动词 动词的基本形式： 动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词、现在分词 动词的用法： 1. 实义动词的用法： 及物动词带宾语，有被动语态 不及物动词不带宾语，没有被动语态 1）及物动词 及物动词可以有一个或两个（直接和间接）宾语，或者复合宾语（接一个宾语的同时再接一个补语） ①常见的跟单宾语的及物动词 Accept, borrow, bury, cover, defeat, discover, eat, excite, forget, guess, put, please, surprise, enjoy, worry等 Do you intend to accept the gift? ②常见的跟双宾语的及物动词 Bring, buy, feed, find, get, give, hand, lend, make, offer, pass, show, teach, tell等。 一般间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。如果直接宾语在前，那么在间接宾语前加介词to或for 如： we showed the visitors our new products. =we showed our new product to the visitors. 直接宾语位于间接宾语之前时，常用介词to作搭配的动词有： Accord, advance, award, bring, deal, forward, give, grant, hand, lease, leave,lend, loan, mail, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, post, read, rent, repay, sell. Send, serve, show, sing, take, teach, tell, write. 直接宾语在前， 常与介词for搭配的动词有 book, buy, bring, build, cook, cash, cut, design, fetch, find, fix, get, guarantee, keep, leave, make, mix, order, paint, pick, play, pour, prepare, set, reserve, save, secure, sing, spare, take, win, write等 有一些动词不能接to或for，只能放在直接宾语前 Allow, ask, bet, cause, charge, cost, deny,draw, envy, forgive, promise, refuse等 She wished them a safe journey.她祝你们一路平安。 I envy you good luck.我羡慕你的好运。 ③常见的跟宾语补足语的及物动词 A.可跟形容词或形容词短语做宾补的动词有 Believe, consider, declare, drive, find, get, imagine, judge, keep, leave, make, think. We all believe him honest and kind. B. 可跟名词或名词短语做宾补的动词有 Call, consider, choose, elect, find, keep, make, name The parents named the baby Ella. We consider him a strange person. C.可跟带to的不定式结构做宾语的动词有 Advise, allow, ask, except, get, invite, order, tell, teach, wish, warn, want. She advised us to discuss the report immediately 2) 不及物动词 不及物动词是本身意思完整，后面不需要加宾语的实义动词。不及物动词没有被动语态。常见的不及物动词有：go, come, happen, lie, listen, rise, arrive, fall等。 It happened in June, 1932. 2. 系动词： 连系动词又称系动词，本身有词义，但不能单独