初中英文动词课程.docVIP

动词类解题技巧 知识点讲解：动词类解题技巧 ?一、找准时间状语 要确定一个句子的时态，首先要看句中有无明显的时间状语或其它能表示动作发生时间的词、短语和句子，如果有，要确定该句的时态是比较容易的。如：every day(week, month, year…),often, sometimes, always等时间状语表示动作经常发生，常用一般现在时：句中有now或句首有look, listen这样提醒别人注意的词、句子的谓语动词常用现在进行时；有：just now, yesterday, last week, in 1983, a year ago等，谓语动词常用一般过去时；有ever, never, yet , already, for a long time , in the past five years, since短语或从句等，谓语动词就用现在完成时；有by the end of …, when(before, after)从句，谓语动词常用过去完成时。 二、注意时态呼应 在复合句中，某些从句中谓语动词的时态要和主句中谓语动词的时态相适应，这种相适应的关系叫做时态呼应。 1、在含有宾语从句的复合句中有下列三条规则。 ①主句中谓语动词如果是现在时或将来时，从句中的谓语动词可以用任何所需要的时态。例如： he wants to speak to the headmaster. He says that he will not be free until tomorrow. he came back last night. ②主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态，从句中的谓语动词一般情况下要用过去时态的某种形式。例如： he was working hard on his Chinese. He said that he had a very good journey home. he hadn’t bought any yet. he would stop in Moscow on the way. ③如果从句中说的是客观真理，谓语动词总是用一般现在时态，而不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响。例如： the earth moves round the sun. The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east. 2、在含有状语从句的复合句中，主要应掌握以if，when, as soon as引导的状语从句。在这类复合句中，主句是一般将来时，从句谓语动词要用一般现在时代替将来时；若主语是第三人称单数，还要注意动词末尾加“s”的变化。 I’ll go to the cinema with you if the rain . (stop) I’ll give it to him when he back.(come) She will write to you as soon as she there. (get) 三、看清上下文 有时句子没有明显的时间状语，也不能用时态呼应规则来对照，这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系，确定正确时态。例如： Be quiet! He to the radio. (listen) Where’s Kate? She an English book.(read) While Mary was playing in the garden, her brother in the room.(write) —I have bought a new dictionary. —When you it?(buy) Mr. White often comes to China. He here ten times.(be) 四、确定动词形式 尽管时间概念记住了，谓语动词的时态也确定了，但在答题时仍会出现差错，问题在于动词的形式未能把握住。 1、要弄清动词的各种形式的构成。 I_____(lend)a bike to him yesterday. 2、切莫忘记语态。 The doctor told us that the hospital____(build)in 1968. 3、注意情态动词和非谓语动词。 情态动词后要跟动词原形；must, may的否定回答用needn’t, can’t; let, make, hear, see等动词后要跟不带to的不定式；在某些固定结构中