第五章 土地与水资源（The fifth chapter, land and water resources）.docVIP

第五章 土地与水资源（The fifth chapter, land and water resources） The fifth chapter, land and water resources Author: release time: 2007-10-10 I. land summary 1, the concept and classification of land Land, in economics, refers to the earths land and waters, as well as its associated soil, climate, landscape, rock, hydrology, vegetation and other natural conditions. Because of the different objects of study, in some cases land refers only to the surface of the earths land, or to the land and water on earth. According to the terrain of land can be divided into: mountain, plateau, hills, basins, plains; according to soil texture can be divided into: clay, loam and sandy soil; according to the nature of ownership can be divided into state-owned, collective or private; according to the land features can be divided into: Farmland, forest, grassland and other land and inland waters; according to the land use can be divided into: agricultural land and unused land, agricultural land. 2. Characteristics of land The reflection of natural attributes of land is inherent in land and has no relation with humans utilization of land. First, the land is a natural product, the area is limited; second, land location is fixed, not mobile; secondly, the land can be used permanently, soil fertility can be improved; thirdly, the land productivity has the difference. The human nature of the process of land use that has not been used before the birth of mankind has not yet existed. (1) the scarcity of land supply; (2) location of land use; (3) the difficulty of land use change; (4) the possibility of diminishing land returns (5) social consequences of land use 3, the important role of land in agricultural production The land is the human production activities must be material conditions and natural foundation is the basic means of production can not be replaced by a large number of agricultural production must not only as the object of labor and labor as data play a role. 4, Chinas land resources and