城市生态学（City Ecology）.docVIP

城市生态学（City Ecology） Urban ecology Ecology: the study of the relationships between organisms and between living beings and abiotic environments. The natural system of biological communities and their interactions with geographical ecology. Biosphere: refers to the existence of life circle of the earth, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere of the upper and lower. The sum of various organisms that live in certain natural areas and have direct or indirect relations with each other. Succession: as time goes by, some species in the biological community invade, others disappear, and community composition and environment develop in a certain direction, which is called succession. Primary succession: succession on a primary bare or native wasteland called a primary succession, also known as a primary succession. Population: any individual of the same species occupying a certain space in a given period of time. Ecological threshold: the maximum amount of influence on human activities within an environmental region. Urban ecology: the study of the relationship between the life system and the environment system in the urban space. Niche: refers to the position of a population in an ecosystem, in time and space, and its functional relationship with related populations. A general term for any plant species, such as a region, or a period, a taxon, a species of vegetation, etc.. Naturalized plant: a species that is not distributed in the region but moves from another region and breeds normally in this region and grows into a wild state. Habitat: the individual, population, or community of a living organism, including essential living conditions and other ecological factors that act on the organism. Urban population capacity: the maximum number of people that a city can bear. Ecological flow: the functional flow that reflects the ecological relations of ecosystems, such as material metabolism, energy conversion, information exchange, value increase and decrease, and