微生物学笔记(武汉大学)2（Notes on Microbiology (Wuhan University) 2）.docVIP

微生物学笔记(武汉大学)2（Notes on Microbiology (Wuhan University) 2） Notes on Microbiology (Wuhan University) 2 The mode of propagation of fungi: 1) asexual spore propagation The process of forming new individuals without vegetative cell differentiation is the division of vegetative cells or the differentiation (cleavage) of vegetative hyphae. The asexual spores are: spores, spores, conidia, spores, etc.. 2) sexual spore propagation Two the process by which individual cells combine to produce new individuals: A) disposition: two individual cells bind to cytoplasm and become binuclear cells. Each nucleus contains haploid chromosomes (n+n). B) nuclear fusion: the fusion of two nuclei into diploid zygote nuclei, at which time the number of chromosomes is two times (2n). C) meiosis: the nucleus of a diploid body passes through meiosis, and the number of chromosomes in the nucleus is restored to a haploid state. Characteristics of sexual spore propagation in fungi: A is not as good as asexual reproduction, then often associated with common, more natural conditions, in general Not common on the culture medium. B) the method varies according to the strain, and some two vegetative hyphae can be directly combined, Others are mated by special sex cells (sexual organs) to form sexual spores. (c) nuclear division immediately after meiosis, so the number of chromosomes is haploid, The diploid is restricted to the zygote. D) mold of sexual reproduction is homothallism and heterothallism in two cases. (E) the sexual spores of fungi, including spores, eggs, spores, and spores. Life cycle of fungi: During asexual propagation, asexual spores are formed in the mycelium (vegetative body) under suitable conditions, and asexual spores germinate to form new hyphae, repeated many times. The stage of sexual reproduction; in the late stage of development, under certain conditions, a special organ differentiation on the mycelium (cell), plasmogamy, nuclear distribution, after meiosis forming haploid spo