高炉喷吹富氢还原性气体的可行性难点.docx

高炉喷吹富氢还原性气体的可行性摘要：从热力学和动力学看，用氢气还原铁矿石是可行的，在818℃时H2和CO有相同的还原能力，但在818℃以下CO和氧的亲和力大于H2和氧的亲和力，而在818℃以上， H2的还原能力比CO 的还原能力大；在动力学上则往往表现为分层性的特点，按照未反应核模型进行时，整个矿球从外而内的结构为：Fe2O3|Fe3O4|FexO|Fe。氢作为一种清洁能源和优良的还原剂，其在冶金工业中的应用前景越来越受到人们的重视。用氢气取代碳对铁矿石进行还原，既可以改变长期以来传统炼铁工艺对碳的依赖，同时也可以减少由于碳还原而造成的二氧化碳排放，符合钢铁工业可持续发展的技术要求。高氢气浓度高炉炼铁工艺中存在气体的未充分利用、粉矿粘结等现象，并对铁矿石还原性及还原粉化也产生影响。目前，成熟的制氢方法主要是天然气、煤、重油制氢和水的电解制氢等，进一步开展低成本的制氢技术研究势在必行。关键词：氢冶金，喷吹，焦炉煤气，还原粉化The feasibility of blast furnace blowing hydrogen rich reducing gasAbstracts: From thermodynamics and dynamics aspects, the reduction of iron ore using hydrogen is feasible. H2 and CO have same reduction ability in 818℃. Below it the appetency between CO and O2 is larger than H2. But above it H2 is greater than CO. It often shows layering in dynamics. If in the basis of unreacted core model, the structure of ore is Fe2O3|Fe3O4|FexO|Fe from outside to inside. As a clean energy and excellent reductant, hydrogen is becoming more and more valuable in metallurgical industry. Using of hydrogen to restore iron ore instead of carbon is helpful to traditional iron making process depending on carbon and also to decrease CO2 discharge because of carbon reduction. It fits for the require of sustainable development in steel industry. The high hydrogen iron making process exist for underutilization of gas and bond of powder ore. It also has effect on the reduction property and reduction pulverization of iron ore. Presently, the mature methods of producing hydrogen create it from natural gas, coal, bunker oil(重油) and water. It is very necessary to have research on low-cost hydrogen making process.Key words: hydrogen metallurgy, blowing, coke oven gas, reduction degradation高炉炼铁是完全依靠碳为还原剂的冶炼技术，据国际钢铁协会统计，2012年全球高炉炼铁的年产能已达10亿吨，还有进一步发展的趋势，这无疑需要大量高质量的碳还原剂（焦炭）。由于焦炭资源短缺，使焦炭的价格居高不下(最高价达450~500美元/t）。另外，高质量的焦炭是靠粘结性炼焦煤炼制而成的，全世界的炼焦煤只占总煤炭储量8%~10%，高炉炼铁如此高速发展，不久的将来，有耗尽炼焦煤的可能。因此，探索改变高炉炼铁完全依靠碳为还原剂的局面具有重要意义。氢作为最活泼的还原剂，其还原效率和还原速率均比碳高，氢的还原潜能是一氧化碳还原潜能的14.0倍[1]，而且氢能可运输、可存储、可再生，其大规模制备技术将有望在本世纪得以