02第二章 中学生的身心特征（The 02 and second chapters are about the physical and mental characteristics of the students）.docVIP

02第二章 中学生的身心特征（The 02 and second chapters are about the physical and mental characteristics of the students） Learning goal 1, remember peoples physical and mental development process and various stages 2, understand the concept, stage and influencing factors of psychological development 3, understand the general characteristics of middle school students psychological development 4, understand the concrete development of middle school students psychological development. 5, use the general principles of physical and mental development of middle school students to guide the psychology of middle school students. Section 1 human development I. physical and mental development of human beings (I) embryonic development process 1, stage. 2, embryonic stage 3, fetal stage. 4, prenatal environmental impact. The main aspects are as follows: (1) reproductive age (2) nutrition during pregnancy (3) prenatal education (4) mothers emotion; (two) the characteristics of physical development of a person 1, the human body structure. The eight major systems are the nervous system, endocrine system, respiratory system, circulatory system, digestive system, motor system, urinary system and reproductive system (1) nervous system. The nervous system includes the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system including the brain and spinal cord, and the brain is divided into three parts, the brainstem and cerebellum. The peripheral nervous system is usually composed of three parts: the spinal, the cranial and the vegetative nerves, and the autonomic nervous system consists of two parts, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. (2) endocrine system. The endocrine system is composed of pituitary gland, thyroid gland, thymus gland, pancreas, adrenal gland, gonad and so on. It is controlled by the autonomic nervous system, and the glands are dominated by each other. 2, the human body development process (three) the function of higher nervous activity 1. Un