牙科铸造合金诱发慢性毒副作用细胞机制探究进展.doc

牙科铸造合金诱发慢性毒副作用细胞机制探究进展[摘要]牙科铸造合金在口腔临床中被广泛应用，而合金修复后在长期使用过程中，由于口腔内复杂微环境的影响，合金在口腔中的腐蚀会引起金属离子析出。大量的研究发现：这些析出的金属离子会对邻近的组织和细胞带来不同程度的慢性毒副作用，主要包括局部不良反应和全身不良反应。由于全身不良反应的发生率较低，相关的数据报道也比较有限，所以对合金中析出的金属离子引起的口腔局部不良反应成为国内外学者研究的热点。本文就铸造合金析出的金属离子对组织和细胞的毒副作用的研究现状及相应的细胞调控机制作一综述。 [关键词]牙科铸造合金；离子析出；细胞毒性；免疫反应；氧化应激 [中图分类号]R 783.1[文献标志码]A[doi]10.3969/j.issn.1673-5749.2012.02.031 Research progress on the cell regulation mechanisms of chronic toxicity of dental casting alloysZhao Fei, Wang Ge.[The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology（Hubei-MOST）＆Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatolgy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China] [Abstract]Dental casting alloys have been widely used in dental restorations. Due to the complex microenvironment in the mouth, the corrosion of dental casting alloys leads to the release of elements from alloys for prolonged time. Previous studies have shown that the release of ions from alloys is directly related to chronic adverse biological effects on the surrounding tissues and cells. The adverse effects contain local undesirable reactions and systemic symptoms, however, the dates available about the incidence of systemic symptoms are regarded as scarce, so the local adverse reactions of metal ions released from alloys have become the focus extensively investigated. This article addressed the toxic effects of metallic ions released from casting alloys as well as the cell regulation mechanisms are reviewed. [Key words]dental casting alloy；ion releasing；cytotoxicity；immunoreaction；oxidative stress 铸造合金材料因其良好的生物学性能在现代口腔临床中得到广泛应用，尽管这些合金材料在投放市场之前都经过了严格的毒性检验并符合国家标准，但其含有的镍、铬、钴等重金属元素会随着合金的腐蚀缓慢释放到口腔内，引起局部或全身的不良反应。对牙科铸造合金金属离子的析出及其对机体影响的研究，也成为国内外学者研究的热点领域。基于这些重金属离子毒副作用的临床事实，明确其相应的调控机制对于临床上预防和治疗铸造金属合金所致的牙龈组织的毒副作用具有非常重要的指导意义。 1铸造合金的分类及应用 目前，牙科铸造合金材料按其组成合金的主要元素价值分类，可分为以下3类：1）高贵金属合金（贵金属金、铂、钯的质量分数≥60%，其中金的质量分数≥40%）；2）贵金属合金（贵金属金、铂、钯的质量分数≥25%）；3）非贵金属合金（贵金属金的质量分数＜25%）[1]。 当今欧美等发