第六章 消化与吸收（The sixth chapter, digestion and absorption）.docVIP

第六章 消化与吸收（The sixth chapter, digestion and absorption） The sixth chapter, digestion and absorption The first section is an overview The main physiological function of digestive organs is to digest and absorb food, and to provide nutrients, water and electrolytes for the body to ensure the need for metabolism. Refers to the digestion of food in the digestive tract is decomposed into small molecules, can be absorbed into mechanical digestion, through the movement of digestive tract grind the food, which is fully mixed with the digestive fluid, and will continue to push the food into the distal gut, the digestion and absorption of not the food residue excreted in the feces of the form. Chemical digestion is the process of chemical decomposition of nutrients in food through digestive juices secreted by the digestive glands. Absorption refers to the composition of food or the product of its digestion through the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract entering the bloodstream and lymph circulation. Physiological characteristics of smooth muscle of digestive tract (I) general characteristics of smooth muscle in digestive tract The smooth muscle of the digestive tract is flexible enough to adapt to changes in food capacity. Often in a weak continuous contraction state, that is, tension, which makes the digestive tract often maintain a certain basic pressure, is conducive to gastrointestinal maintain a certain shape and position. Smooth muscle is insensitive to electrical stimulation, but is sensitive to changes in temperature, chemistry, and mechanical or stretch stimulation. (two) electrophysiological characteristics of smooth muscle of digestive tract 1. the amplitude of the resting membrane potential is -50~-60mV, which is mainly caused by the transmembrane diffusion of K +, and the electrically Na + pump plays an important role in the formation of resting potential. 2. slow wave potential, the smooth muscle cell of alimentary tract smooth muscle,