极限强度-同济大学学报.docVIP

高强钢S690高温力学性能强旭红，吴钟艳，姜旭，罗永峰 (同济大学 土木工程学院上海 200092) 摘要：在火灾下，材料力学性能的退化是导致钢结构承载力降低的主要因素。高强钢S690稳态和瞬态火灾试验，并将S690的高温材性试验结果与欧洲、美国、澳大利亚、英国和中国钢结构设计规范进行对比，结果表明各国现行钢结构设计规范进行高强钢S690钢结构的抗火设计是不安全的。另外，对试验得出的高温下高强钢S690的弹性模量、屈服强度和极限强度折减系数进行数值拟合，给出可准确S690高温下材料性能退化的预测公式 关键词：高强钢；S690；力学性能；折减系数；高温 Mechanical properties of high strength steel S690 at elevated temperatures QIANG Xuhong, WU Zhongyan, JIANG Xu, LUO Yongfeng (College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China) ABSTRACT: Under fire conditions, the load bearing capacity of steel structures reduces mainly due to the deterioration of its mechanical properties. In this paper, an experimental investigation has been conducted, using both steady state and transient state methods. The comparison of test results with European, American, Australian, British and Chinese design standards of steel structures shows that fire-resistance design of steel structures with S690 is unsafe according to the current design standards. Based on the reduction factors of the elastic modulus, the yield strength and the ultimate strength of S690 obtained from this study, some specified predictive equations were proposed to describe the deterioration of mechanical properties of S690 at elevated temperatures. The predictive equations can be employed for practical fire-resistance design of steel structures with members made of S690 and for consideration of revision of current worldwide leading design standards. KEYWORDS: High strength steel, S690, Mechanical properties, Reduction factor, Elevated temperatures.近20多年来，随着冶金和焊接技术的发展，高性能的工程用钢在各个工程领域的研究和应用已取得长足进步[1]。目前，关于高强度结构钢的定义，欧洲钢结构设计规范Eurocode 3（EC3）[2]定义高强钢的名义屈服强度不小于460MPa；澳大利亚规范AS 4100 [3]定义高强钢的名义屈服强度大于450MPa；香港规范[4]定义高强钢的名义屈服强度在460~690MPa之间；我国国家标准《钢分类》[5]定义屈服强度大于等于420MPa的钢材为高强钢。 早期的高强钢在材料韧性和可焊性方面往往不尽人意，这在一定程度上限制了其使用范围。现在的高强钢通过微合金化、淬火回火等技术，不仅实现了较高的强度，而且在韧性、延性、可焊性、抗腐蚀以及疲劳性能等方面都比普通钢材有明显的改善。另外，高强钢的应用能带来较好的社会经济效益，比如减少用钢量；减少焊接工作量；节省运输费用；减轻结构自重等[6]。 自美国“911”恐怖事件后，研究火灾下材料退化、热约束和结构构件的移除对结构性能的