安徽省中南部几种主要森林类型水文特性研究.pdfVIP

安徽林业科技，2011，37(6)：3~7 Anhui Forestry Science and Technology 安徽省中南部几种主要森林类型水文特性研究 刘俊龙 ，丁增发 ，佘诚棋 ，张 瑶 ，吴中能 ，马永春 (1．安徽省林业科学研究院，合肥230031；2．安徽省林业厅科技推广中心) 摘 要：通过对安徽省中南部主要森林类型林下枯落物蓄积量、持水量、吸水速率等的研究，结果表明：①针叶林中 杉木(CK)枯落物的厚度最大，达到95mm，针阔混交林的蓄积量最大，为21．94t／hm ，马尾松枯落物的厚度较低，苦 槠蓄积量最低。②马尾松×枫香的最大持水量为12．62 t／hm ，其他林分的最大持水量均在10 t／hm 以下，其中苦槠 最低，为2．04t／hm 。③针阔混交林的有效拦蓄能力明显高于阔叶林和针叶林，有效拦蓄量最高的是马尾松X枫香． 为17．69 t／hm，苦槠的有效拦蓄量最低，仅为2．47 t／hm 。两种不同杉木林分有效拦蓄量均达到10 t／hm2左右。可见 针阔混交林的水文生态效益优于阔叶纯林和针叶纯林。 关键词：森林类型；枯落物；有效拦蓄能力；水文效益 中图分类号：$715 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095—0152(2011)06—0003—05 Research on Hydrological Characteristics of the Main Forest Types in Central and Southern Anhui LIU Jun-long ，DING Zeng—fa ，SHE Cheng-qi ，ZHANG Yao ，WU Zhong-neng ，MA Yong-chun (1．Anhui Academy of Forestry，Hefei 23003 1，China；2．Anhui Provincial General Station for Forestry Science＆Technology Promotion) Abstract：In this paper the hydrological characteristics including the litter accumulations，water-holding capacities and water absorption rates of the main forest types in central and southern Anhui were studied．The results indicated that：④In the eoniferou8 forests。the thick— hess of the leaf litter of Cunninghamia lanceolata (check contro1)was the biggest，reaching 95 mm，and that of Pinus massoniana was smaller．The leaf litter accumulation in the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest was the biggest，being 2 1．94 t／hm。，and that in the forest of C f帆叩s sclerophylla was the smallest．②The m~imum water-holding capacity in the mixed forest of Pinus massoniana and Liquidambar_厂0n册s勰0 Castanopsis sclerophyUa was 12．62 t，hm2，and those in other forests were below l0 m2，with that in the forest of C f肌叩s sclerophylla being the lowest，only 2．04 t／hm ．⑧The effective rainwater conservation capacity of the mixed coniferous and broad—leaved forest was obviously higher