工程水文地质学及其在水电工程中的应用概述.pdfVIP

1004 -9665/ 2003/ 11（04 ）-0396-06 Journal of Engineering Geology 工程地质学报 工程水文地质学及其在水电工程中的应用概述! 许 模 王士天 （成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家专业实验室 成都 610059 ） 摘 要 工程水文地质问题产生于人类工程活动与地质环境中岩土体和地下水之间的相互制约和相互作用过程中，由于问 题本身的复杂性，目前对这类问题的研究尚处于相对分散的单一研究状态，缺乏系统的从地质机制分析到地质模型抽象，进 而由模拟再现到发展趋势预测以及治理措施论证的全过程研究。本文在系统分析、总结水电工程中水- 岩和水- 工程建筑 的作用类型及特征基础上，认为可能出现的工程水文地质问题主要是：水库诱发地震、岩溶渗漏、库岸及高边坡的稳定、坝基、 坝肩抗滑稳定、枢纽区深层承压水问题等。 关键词 工程水文地质问题 地质机制分析 地质原型 岩体渗流 水电工程 中图分类号：P642 文献标识码：A A BRIEF OF ENGINEERING - HYDROGEOLOGY AND IT APPLICATION TO HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECT XU Mo WANG Shitian （Chengdu Uniuersity of Technology ，Chengdu 610059 ） Abstract Engineering - hydrogeoIogicaI probIems are arisen from the interaction between engineering activities and geoIogicaI environment ，in which rock and soiI mass and groundwater are the especiaIIy important constituents. Howerer ，today research on them is reIativeIy dispersive and simpIe due to their compIexity and Iack of comprehen- sive and systematic study methods starting from geoIogicaI anaIysis of mechanism to geoIogicaI modeI based on geo- IogicaI reguIarities ，then to prediction of the tendency of geoIogicaI evoIvement and taking proper measures for soI- ving the probIems. In this paper ，according to existence of water - sensitive structure in hydroeIectric power project region and based on the comprehensive study of types and characteristics of the interaction between groundwater and rock and soiI mass ，and groundwater and engineering construction ，the possibIe engineering hydrogeoIogicaI prob- Iems are reservoir in duced earthguakes Ieakage from reservoir bottom in karst ，stabiIity of high sIope at reservoir banks ，sIiding of dam foundation and dam abutment ，and confined water at key positions which are introduced and determined byusing water - sensitive factors （or structure ）and according to speciaI hyd