初中非谓语动词{修改}.ppt

非謂語動詞 是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式，动名词和分词（包括过去分词和现在分词）形式，即动词的非谓语形式。 非谓语动词除了不能做独立的谓语之外，可以承担句子的任何成分。 先看几个例句，判断不定式在句中的成分。1．To learn a foreign language is difficult .2． His wish is to be a driver .3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer .4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises .5．I have nothing to say .6．They went to see their aunt .7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next .9．I heard them make a noise . 掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题： 1． “to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短语中的to 都是介词。agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ,equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to 2． 带to 还是不带toI have no choice but to give inI cannot do anything but give inI saw him enter the classroom .（ 但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .） 不定式省to有四种情况：  　 使役动词 let,have,make 等后接不定式。如：Let him go! 让他走! 　　would rather，had better后。如：You had better stay at home.你最好呆在家里。  　 Why... / why not...后。如：Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?  　 感官动词 see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell,feel, find 等后作宾补，省to。如：I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。 　　注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to 哟！ 如：The boss made them work the whole night. 变成被动句：They were made to work the whole night.  4．后接不定式作宾语的动词有：want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语，而要用it做形式宾语。例如：通常不说We think to obey the laws is important . 而说We think it important to obey the laws . Learning English is very difficult .学英语非常困难。His job is driving a bus .他的工作是开车。I enjoy dancing .我喜欢跳舞。I have got used to living in the country .我已经习惯了住农村。Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep .吃点安眠药，你很快就会入睡。 2．It’s no use talking with him .It’s no good speaking to them like that .3．There’s some difficulty ( in ) doing …在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下单词替换:trouble ,