16个优先反应原理（16 principles of priority reaction）.docVIP

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16个优先反应原理（16 principles of priority reaction）.doc

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16个优先反应原理（16 principles of priority reaction）

16个优先反应原理（16 principles of priority reaction） 1. priority discharge principle When electrolysis electrolyte water solution, the anode discharge order is: lively metal anode (except Au, Pt), S2-I-Br-Cl-OH- oxygen radical, ion and F-. The reduced particles in front of them preferentially lose electrons. As long as there is water, oxygen ions and F- cannot lose electrons. Cathode: Ag+Hg2+Fe3+Cu2+H+Pb2+Sn2+Fe2+Zn2+Al3+Mg2+Na+Ca2+K+ That is, the strong oxidizing particles located in the front give priority to electrons. As long as there is water, the ions behind the general H cannot get electrons. Example L. electrolysis of platinum containing electrodes, containing the same amount of mass, Fe2+, Fe3+, H+ mixed solution, the priority in the cathode reduction is (). A, Cu2+, B.Fe2+, C, Fe3+, D.H+ (select C) 2. preferential oxidation principle If a solution contains a variety of reducing substances, an oxidizing agent is added to give priority to the substances with strong redox properties. Example 2. to the l00 mL containing 0.005 mol/L KI and 0.005 mol/L KBr mixed solution into the standard condition of Cl256 mL, the product is (). A.KCl and Br2, B.KCl and I2, C., KCl, and Br2, I2, D.Br2 Solution: because of the reducibility of I-Br-, preferential oxidation of I-, n (I-), =0.005 * 0.l=0.005, mol, n (Cl2), =56/22400=0.00025, mol, By 2I-+Cl2=I2+2Cl-, I- and Cl2 just finished the reaction. Br- end reaction, select B. 3. priority reduction principle If a solution contains a variety of oxidizing substances, then a reducing agent is added to give priority to the reduction of strong oxidizing substances. Example 3. adding 0.01 mol of iron powder in the acidic mixed solution containing Cu (NO3) 2, Zn (NO3) 2, Fe (NO3) 3 and AgNO3 each 0.0l, and after mixing, the change should be (). (). A. iron dissolution; precipitation 0.01 mol Ag and 0.005 mol Cu B. iron dissolution, precipitation 0.0l, mol, Ag and release H2 C. iron dissolution, precipitation 0.01 mol Ag, the solution is no