美国生物柴油行业的发展历史与趋势.pdfVIP

Biofuels Issues and Trends October 2012 Independent Statistics Analysis U.S. Department of Energy Washington, DC 20585 This report was prepared by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the statistical and analytical agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. By law, EIA’s data, analyses, and forecasts are independent of approval by any other officer or employee of the United States Government. The views in this report therefore should not be construed as representing those of the Department of Energy or other Federal agencies. U.S. Energy Information Administration | Biofuels Issues and Trends i October 2012 Table of Contents Abbreviations vi Highlights 1 Introduction 3 Ethanol Issues and Trends 5 Consumption 5 Production 6 Inputs 7 Imports and Exports 9 Prices and Producer Margins 10 Infrastructure 12 Biodiesel Issues and Trends 14 Consumption 14 Production 15 Inputs 15 Imports and Exports 16 Prices and Producer Margins 18 Infrastructure 18 Biofuels Production Technologies and EIA Projections 20 Cellulosic Production 20 Appendix A. Legislation and Regulations 23 Renewable Fuel Standard and Related Legislation 23 California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) 24 Ethanol Blending 25 Ethanol Tariffs and Tax Credits 26 Biodiesel Tax Credit 27 Biodiesel Blending 27 Cellulosic Biofuels Producer Tax Incentives 27 Appendix B. E85 Sales and Prices 29 Appendix C. Assumptions, Calculations, and Data Series 30 Ethanol 30 U.S. Energy Information Administration | Biofuels