It的用法归纳(2015年11月26日整理完毕).doc

it的用法归纳指代刚提到的事物，以避免重复’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 —“Where is the dog?” —“It’s in the bedroom.” “狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 Shanghai is a beautiful city, isn’t it? 2. 指人-----指代未知性别的婴儿或身份不明确的人。 ----Is this your dog？-----No, it isn’t. Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. ?? Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be? 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说 It’s me。 3. 代替某些代词。 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如：“What’s this?” “It’s a new machine.” “这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 4. 指抽象事物: It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that． You’ve helped me a lot. I shall never forget it. I tried my best to persuade him to give up smoking, but it didn’t help. [辨析] 代词it ,one 和that. （1）it代替的是前面提到的同一名称的同一事物，即同名同物。所代替的名词可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。 （2）one代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任何一个，所代替的上面可数名词，其前可带冠词与修饰语，如代替复数名词，则用ones。 （3）that 代替前面提到的同名异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词也可是不可数名词，但其前通常不能有修饰语。 The population problem may be the greatest one in the world. The doctor in our school is younger than that_ in your school. I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using it_ now. I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new one_ soon. 二、用作非人称代词 it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、日期、时间、温度、价值、路程距离、环境、自然现象等，称为非人称的代词it。 It is a lovely day, isn’t it?(天气)It is April First today. (日期)It was nearly midnight when she came back.（时间）It was very quiet in the café. （环境） It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre. (距离) It is three dollars. (价值） Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. (温度) 三、做形式主语’s very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。 It’s hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。 It’s unknown when he will come. 他什么时候来还不知道。 （二）用it做形式主语的基本句型 1. It is time( for sb) to do sth./介词短语。“是(某人)该干某事的时候了” -----------（初中学过） It is time to have supper/for supper. 2. It is ones turn to do sth.意为轮到某人做某事了。Its your turn to be on duty tomorrow. 明天轮到你值日了。 . It takes sb. some time to do sth. -----------（初中学过） 该句型中的不定式是真正的