托福口语分类词汇必备.doc

1地理GEOGRAPHY geography?地理? geographer地理学家?hemisphere?半球? meridian?子午线，经线? parallel?平行圈，纬线? latitude?经度? longitude?纬度? elevation?海拔? altitude?高度? horizon?地平线? equator?赤道? Arctic?北极? Antarctic(Antarctica)?南极? expedition?探险? navigation 航海 topography?地形，地形学? continent?大陆? continental?shelf?大陆架? continental?drift?大陆漂移说? plain?平原? plateau?(highland)?高地? lowland?低地? basin?盆地? cavern?(cave)?洞穴? oasis （沙漠）绿洲 cleft (flaw) 裂缝 crevice (rift; slit) 裂缝summit 山顶 range?（山）脉? valley?峡谷? gorge峡谷 canyon?峡谷? channel?(strait)?海峡? marine （maritime; oceanic）海的 tide 潮汐ebb (away) 退潮 sea-floor?spreading海床扩展? ocean?bottom?海床? coastland?沿海地区? contour 轮廓；海岸线 continental?island?大陆岛? volcanic?island?火山岛? coral?island?珊瑚岛? insular 海岛的 islet?小岛? peninsular?半岛? ledge 暗礁remote-sensing?遥感的? terrain?地域? terrestrial?地球的，陆地的? terrestrial?heat?(geothermal)?地热? terrestrial?magnetism? (geomagnetism)?地磁? subterranean?(?underground)?地底下? evaporation?蒸发? salinity?含盐度? sediment?沉淀物，沉积物? tropics?热带地区? tropical?热带的? temperate?温带的? temperate?latitudes?温带地区?frigid?寒带的? frost?heaving?冻胀现象 ? 2地质geology?地质学? geologist?地质学家? crust?地壳? mantle?地幔? core?地核? continental?crust?大陆地壳? oceanic?crust?海洋地壳? layer?(stratum,复strata)?地层? plate?板块? fault?断层? fault?plane?断层面? fault?zone?断层带? rift?(crack;?split)?断裂? fossil?化石? petrify 石化，硬化 igneous?rock?火成岩? sedimentary?rock?沉积岩? metamorphic?rock?变质岩? quartz?石英? limestone?石灰岩? marble?大理石? granite?花岗岩? lithogenous? 岩成的? lithosphere?岩石圈? mineral?矿物? ore?矿石? deposit?矿床? platinum?白金，铂? silver?银? copper?黄铜? aluminum?铝? tin?锡? lead?铅? zinc?锌? nickel?镍? mercury?汞，水银? sodium?钠? fieldstone?卵石? gem?宝石? diamond?钻石? emerald?绿宝石? ruby?红宝石? crystal?水晶 glacier?冰川? glacial?冰川的? glacial?epoch?(?age,?period)?冰川期? glacial?drift?冰渍? iceberg?冰山? volcano?火山? active?volcano?活火山? extinct?volcano?死火山? dormant?volcano?休眠火山? eruption?火山喷发? crater?火山口? lava?(magma) 火山岩浆 magma?岩浆? volcanic?火山的? volcanic?dust?