北京语言大学英语专业语言学 期末考试试题.docx

第一次第一次期末考试提纲及解析Final examination for Introduction to Linguistics (June, 2008)Ⅰ.Translation(1x20=20%)Chinese into English=10English into Chinese=10Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks (2x15=30%)Fill in the blanks in sentences using linguistic termsⅢ.Answer briefly the following questions (5x4=20%)Ⅳ.Short Essays (15x2=30%)Preparatory work expectedⅠ. The list of terms for section Ⅰand Ⅱ.Chapter 1: 1.duality 2.arbitrariness 3.creativity 4.onomatopoeia 5.ideational or informative function 6.interpersonal function 7.displacement 8.pragmatics 9.psycholinguistics 10.emotive functionChapter 2:1.allophone 2.vowel 3.phoneme 4.stressed syllables 5.consonant 6.the international phonetic alphabet 7.nasalization 8.distinctive features 9.tone 10.aspiration 11.vocal cords 12.place of articulation 13.manner of articulation 14. peak or nucleus 15.open syllable 16.dental 17.voicing 18.assimilation 19. articulation 20.speech organsChapter 3:1.grammatical word 2.lexical word 3. particle 4.auxiliary 5.morpheme 6.affix 7.free morpheme 8.bound morpheme 9.inflection 10.derivation11.morphology 12.semantic change 13.root 14.stem 15.allomorph Chapter 4: 1.syntactic relations 2.grammatical construction 3.immediate constituent 4.endocentric constructions 5.exocentric constructions 6.coordination 7.subordination 8.subject 9.prdicate 10.object 11.case 12.gender 13.tense 14.aspect 15.clauseChapter 5: 1.conceptual meaning 2.connotative meaning 3.thematic meaning 4.hyponymy 5. synonymy 6.antonymy 7.semantic features or components 8.metaphor 9.proposition 10. composite propositionⅡ. Short questions for section Ⅲ.1. What does the “emotive function” of language mean?2. What does duality as a design feature of language mean?3. What is the basic difference between the synchronic and diachronic studies of language?4. What is the difference between the descriptive and prescriptive studies of language?5. What is the difference between a free and bound morpheme? Give examples6. What is the difference between a root and a ste