建设欧亚铁路出海新通道的必要性研究.docx

建设欧亚铁路出海新通道的必要性研究李志鹏(中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司北京 102600)摘 要 蒙古国资源丰富，国内消耗有限，蒙古国家相关部门规划将资源优势转化为经济优势，考虑资源外运到我国东北地区消耗，剩余部分通过我国铁路与港口远销海外，目前蒙古国通向我国满洲里和二连浩特的既有铁路通 道运能已近饱和且运输里程相对较长，蒙古国急需重新寻求一条便捷的铁路下海通道。我国东北路网密度较大， 运力丰富，具备承接蒙古国铁路运力的能力，同时建设欧亚铁路出海新通道是蒙古国矿产资源推向国际市场的需 要，是我国经济持续发展的重要保证，符合国家能源战略的客观需要，是发展沿线经济，加强民族团结，巩固国防建 设的需要，是推动国际合作，实现互赢目标的需要，是中、蒙两国经济发展、战略合作的客观需要。关键词 欧亚铁路 出海通道 必要性研究中图分类号文献标识码文章编号1009-4539 (2014) 08-0046-03U212． 1ANecessity of Construction of New Sea Channel for Eurasia ＲailwayLi Zhipeng(China Ｒailway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co． Ltd． ，Beijing 102600，China)Abstract The rich resources and limited domestic consumption of Mongolia urges departments of the state planning to turnresource advantages into economic advantages． The remaining part left from export to Northeast China is exported to overseas through railways and ports in China． The capacity of the existing railways from the Mongolia state to China’s Manchuria and Erenhot railway channel has already reach its limit and transport mileage are relatively long． Mongolia is urgent to seek a con- venient railway sea channel． The density of road network in northeast China and its larger capacity enable it to undertake the Mongolia railway transportation． Construction of new Eurasia railway and sea channels is the basis for the export of mineral re- sources in Mongolia country to the international market and an important guarantee for the sustainable development of China’s economy． It is in line with the national energy strategy，and it will facilitate the development of the economy，strengthen na- tional unity，and consolidate national defense construction． It will promote international cooperation，realize win-win goal，is the objective need of the economic development of the two countries，Mongolian，strategic cooperation．Key words Eurasian rail; access to the sea; research on the necessity石、石棉、石墨、云母、水晶、绿宝石、紫晶、绿松石、石油、油页岩矿等。目前已经开采并具有一定经济 规模的主要以有色金属、黄金、煤和萤石为主。据统计，蒙古国煤炭总贮量约 500 亿 t 以上，其中已探明的塔本陶勒盖煤田储量达