unit5 Grammar 非限制性定语从句.docVIP

选修七 Unit5 Grammar 非限制性定语从句 【学习目标】复习非限制性定语从句的用法。 【学习重难点】非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句关系词的用法区别。 【学法指导】独立完成以下练习，小组讨论疑难。 【学习过程】 Revision: 一、关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。?? ???关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二、定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句: 1. （1）限制性定语从句:所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉, 主句就会失去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号和主句分开。 e.g. I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。 A?man?who?doesnt?learn?from?others?cant?achieve?much. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。 (A?man　被限定后,　指一类特定的人.这类定语从句是不能去掉的,否则剩下的部分就失去意义不能成立,或者含义不清,甚至让人感到莫名其妙。) （2）非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切,只是对先行词做些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时语调上须停顿。一般不用that引导。 e.g. 1 His dog, which was now very old, became ill and died. 他的狗当时很老了, 生病后就死了。 (去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整:他的狗生病死了。) 2 Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed to be very busy. 昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。 (去掉从句, 意义仍然完整:昨天我碰上李雷了。) 2. 非限定性定语从句几点说明： (1). 非限制性定语从句中, 指物时, 用which而不用that。 1) Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 2) All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him. (2). 指人时主格用who, 宾格用whom,所有格用whose(可指人也可指物)。 1) Miss Wang, whom you met in the library, is our new teacher. 2) The Arabs, who are famous for their horses and camels, use these animals for work and in sports. 3) Li Ming, whose mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today. (3). 另外关系副词when(指时间), where (指地点)也可以引导非限制性定语从句(注意关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句，要用for which代替)。 4) He lives in the city, where there is a high tower. 5) The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, when he was born. 6） He didnt tell me the reason, for which he lost his job. He didnt tell me the reason, why he lost his job.(错) (4). 介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。 7) Wu Dong, with whom I went to see the film, enjoyed it very much. 8) Her bag, in