Urban Design：Green Dimensions-THE URBAN PARK.pdf

THE URBAN PARK 5 PETER SHIRLEY INTRODUCTION although the land concerned was rarely in towns. The National Trust was formed in 1895, and its remit included the promotion Land use is fundamental to nature and protection of ‘places of natural beauty conservation, urban environmental and historic interest for the benefit of the management and sustainable development. nation’. Most wildlife trusts came into Since cities first developed provision has existence to acquire and manage land: by the been made for formal and informal open 1990s the nation’s forty-seven wildlife trusts spaces, either for the privileged classes or for owned or managed over 2500 nature the mass of the people. In the United Kingdom, the rapid growth of towns and reserves. Second, in the last quarter of the cities in the nineteenth century soon led to twentieth century, these and other calls for parks to be provided for the health organizations expanded their work to of factory workers. An early example, include substantial education, interpretation perhaps, of what we now call sustainable and advocacy programmes. This development, with benefits to the economy combination of conservation management (healthier, happier and therefore more and engagement with people and policy- productive workers), social lif