闭环供应链的构建与废旧品翻新_以富士施乐为例.docx

闭环供应链的构建与废旧品翻新—以富士施乐为例袁开福1,2，高阳3（1.贵州财经学院工商管理学院，贵州贵阳550004；2.贵州省经济系统仿真重点实验室，贵州贵阳550004；3.中南大学商学院，湖南长沙410083）摘要：自然资源的枯竭、生态环境的破坏和废物处置成本的上升使得企业、社会和环境的可持续发展面临严峻挑战。以富士施乐为研究对象，对其构建闭环供应链的内在机理进行剖析，分析了国际废旧品翻新网络的布局，并指出废旧品翻新能够创造显著的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益。最后，从企业、政府和顾客角度，提出了确立崭新的资源概念、改变传统的设计理念、建立发达的信息网络、设计可行的生态标准、培育宽松的市场环境、加大附加值翻新的力度、转变传统的销售／购买模式和积极履行社会责任等八大建议和措施。关键词：闭环供应链；废旧品翻新；废物处置；生态效益中图分类号：F205文献标识码：A文章编号：1004-292X（2011）07-0058-04EstablishmentofClosed-loopSupplyChainsandUsedProductsRecovery——TakeFujiXeroxforanExampleYUANKai-fu1,2,GAOYang3（1.SchoolofBusinessandManagement,GuizhouCollegeofFinanceandEconomics,GuiyangGuizhou550004,China;2.GuizhouKeyLabofEconomicSystemSimulation,GuiyangGuizhou550004,China;3.SchoolofBusiness,CentralSouthUniversity,ChangshaHunan410083,China）Abstract：Thedepletionofnatureresources,thedestructionofeco-environmentandincreasingdisposalcostofwasteposeaseriousthreatofthesustainabledevelopmentoftheenterprise,thesocietyandtheenvironmentunsustainable.FujiXeroxlimitedcompanyisselectedtoberesearchsubject,andtheoperationmechanismonitsclosed-loopsupplychain,andthelayoutoftheinternationalnetworkofusedproductrecoveryareanalyzedrespectively,andthestrikinglyeconomical,socialandeco-environmentalbenefitsfromtherecoveryofusedproductsarepointedout.Finally,basedonthesuccessfulpracticesofFujiXeroxandthepointviewsoftheenterprises,thegovernmentsandthecustomers,eightpiecesofsuggestionsandcountermeasuresontheestablishmentofnewresourceconcept,theadaptationoftraditionaldesignconcept,thedevelopmentofpowerfulinformationnetwork,thedesignoffeasibleeco-criteria,thedevelopmentoffairmarket,thestrengtheningofvalue-addedrecovery,thetransformationoftraditionalsale/purchasemodels,andtheactiveimplementationofsocialresponsibilityaregiven.Keywords：Closed-loopsupplychains；Usedproductsrecovery；Wastedisposal；Ecologicalbenefit根据RobertAyres关于工业代谢的研究，从地球上提取用来制造产品的物料大约有94%在产品生产出来之前就已变成了废物。同样，产品在使用中或使用后也会产生很多废物。如果不对这些废物加以合理利用，将会造成资源枯竭、环境污染，从收稿日期：2010-08-30基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目；2009年度贵州财经学院引进人才科研项目（2009101