土地集体所有视角下农民增收问题研究Study on Peasant Income Increase from All Viewpoints of Land Collective.pdfVIP

提 要 我国依据马克思所有制理论，并借鉴苏联经验，在新中国成立后，经过农村土地 改革和其后的农业社会主义改造，逐步确立了农村土地集体所有制度。这一制度在五 十年代前中期发挥了巨大的积极作用，但是后来由于党中央部分领导人“左倾”错误 思想严重，发动了“大跃进”运动和人民公社化运动的兴起和发展，这两项与当时的 生产力不相适应的运动给中国农村和农业造成了严重的影响，也给予了我们深刻的教 训。中共十一届三中全会的召开，揭开了我国农村土地制度改革的序幕。党中央在总 结毛泽东时代土地集体所有制的利与弊的基础上，结合农民自身的探索经验，提出了 家庭联产承包责任制这一伟大构想。经过理论的完善和实践探索，确立了以家庭承包 经营为基础、统分结合的双层经营体制这一我国基本农业经营制度。 中国现在的农村政策依然是在以家庭承包经营为基础、统分结合的双层经营体制 框架下制定和推行的。本文通过马克思所有制理论来分析我国农村集体土地所有制改 革的合理性和必然性，然后再在坚持农村土地集体所有的前提下，结合农民自身概念 和农民收入的现实变化，从制度、政策、农民 自身等不同方面提出了一系列促进农民 增收的对策和建议。 【关键词】：马克思所有制理论、农村土地集体所有、农民增收 Research on increasing peasants income from the perspective of collective ownership of the land Speciality：The Marx doctrine study in China Author ：Liang Zhen-yin Tutor：Prof. Wu Xian Abstract On the basis of Marx theory of system of ownership, and from the experience of the Soviet Union, after the founding of new China, the rural land reform and the socialist transformation of agriculture, our country established a collective ownership of rural land. This system before fifty time metaphase has played a big role, but later as a result of the Party Central Committee leaders who are left errors of serious thought, launched the great leap forward and the movement of peoples commune is arisen with development, which at that time did not adapt to Chinese rural and agriculture caused serious influence, also gave us a profound lesson. The Third Plenary Session of the eleven Committee of the Communist Party of China is held, opened our country rural land system reform. The Party Central Committee in the summary of Mao Zedong era of collective ownership of land and the advantages and disadvantages of basis, combined with farmer oneself exploration experience, put forward the household contract responsibility system of this great