nebosh igc1 element1记忆.docx

1. Define the meaning of the following terms:(a) SafetyFreedom from unacceptable risk of harm(b) Health A state of wellbeing. The term health, in relation to work, indicates not merely the absence of disease or infirmity; it also includes the physical and mental elements affecting health which are directly related to safety and hygiene at work. (Occupational Safety and Health Convention (C155) ILO).(c) WelfareThe term `welfare’ related to the provision of workplace facilities that maintain the basic wellbeing and comfort of the worker. (d) Environmental protection A measure used to prevent harm to the environment of the world. 2. Explain the main reasons for maintaining and promoting health and safety.Moral reasons – need to provide a reasonable standard of care to reduce injuries, pain and suffering, ill-health and death to workers. Societal reasons - include the need to provide a safe place of work, safe systems of work, competent workers and safe systems of work. Economic reasons – these include the need to avoid compensation claims and criminal penalties. Avoidance of costs of accident investigation, direct and indirect costs. 3. List the direct costs of accidents in the workplace. insurance claims, sick pay,loss of production,repairs,product loss or damage,public liability,damage to equipment, buildings, etc.4. List the indirect costs of accidents in the workplace. business interruption,product liability,loss of orders,cost of time spent on investigations,legal fees,loss of corporate image.5. Outline the powers of enforcement agency inspectors. To enter premises at any time they deem to be reasonable.To take along a police constable if they believe they will be obstructed.To take along another person and any equipment (perhaps a specialist inspector).To examine and investigate.To direct that premises and anything within them be left undisturbed.To take measurements and photographs and make recordings.To take samples.To order the dismantling or testing of any a