集散控制系统(DCS)简介.docVIP

Distributed Control System Total Distributed control system is based on multiple microprocessors based on the use of modern network technology, modern control technology, graphics technology and redundancy technology to achieve the object of the regulation of decentralized control, monitoring, management, control technology. Characterized by decentralized control based on decentralized control of the object to adapt in order to focus on surveillance and control operations to achieve overall objectives. System has high stability, reliability and scalability. Distributed control systems are generally composed of four parts: (1) process input and output devices; (2) process control device; (3) operation interface; (4) data communication systems. The drive toward openness in the 1980s gained momentum through the 1990s with the increased adoption of Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components and IT standards. Probably the biggest transit ion undertaken during this time was the move from the UNIX operat- ing system to the Windows environment. While the realm of the real time operating system (RTOS) for control applications remains dom- inated by real time commercial variants of UNIX or proprietary op- erating systems, everything above real-time control has made the transition to Windows. The introduction of Microsoft at the desktop and server layers resulted in the development of technologies such as OLE for Proce- ss Control (OPC), which is now a de facto industry connectivity standard. Internet technology also began to make its mark in auto- mation and the DCS world, with most DCS HMI supporting Internet connectivity. The 90s were also known for the Fieldbus Wars, where rival organizations competed to define what would become the IEC fieldbus standard for digital communication with field instru- mentation instead of 4-20 milliamp analog communications. The first fieldbus installations occurred in the 1990s. Towards the end of the decade, the technology began to develop