无扇叶涡轮机及简要翻译.docVIP

Most people know Nikola Tesla, the eccentric and brilliant man who arrived in New York City in 1884, as the father of alternating current, the form of electricity that supplies power to almost all homes and businesses. But Tesla was a prodigious inventor who applied his genius to a wide range of practical problems. All told, he held 272 patents in 25 countries, with 112 patents in the United States alone. You might think that, of all this work, Tesla would have held his inventions in electrical engineering -- those that described a complete system of generators, transformers, transmission lines, motor and lighting -- dearest to his heart. But in 1913, Tesla received a patent for what he described as his most important invention. That invention was a turbine, known today as the Tesla turbine, the boundary layer turbine or the flat-disk turbine. 大多数人知道尼古拉特斯拉，那个1884年来到纽约的既古怪又杰出的男人，他被称为交流电（一种供应几乎所有家庭及商业用电的电力形式）之父。但是特斯拉是一个能把他的天才之处广泛地应用到实际问题中去的一个惊人发明家。他一共持有25个国家的272项专利,其中有112项在美国。你可能会想，他所有的工作中，特斯拉只已经持有了最重要的电气工程方面的发明——那些被描述成为一整套电力系统：发电机，变压器，电力输送线，电动机和照明系统。但是在1913年，特斯拉收到了一项被他说成最重要的发明的专利权。那个发明是个涡轮机，就是现在的特斯拉涡轮机，或者说是边界层涡轮机，或平盘发动机。 Hrvoje Polan/AFP/Getty ImagesA boy watches a radio-controlled boat in the town of Smiljan, Croatia, Nikola Teslas hometown. Nearby is a bladeless waterwheel turbine of Teslas design. The same principle powers his famous turbine engine. 在尼古拉 特斯拉的故乡，克罗地亚的希马茨Interestingly, using the word turbine to describe Teslas invention seems a bit misleading. Thats because most people think of a turbine as a shaft with blades -- like fan blades -- attached to it. In fact, Websters dictionary defines a turbine as an engine turned by the force of gas or water on fan blades. But the Tesla turbine doesnt have any blades. It has a series of closely packed parallel disks attached to a shaft and arranged within a sealed chamber. When a fluid is allowed to enter the chamber and pass between the disks, the disks turn, which in turn rotates the shaft. This rotary motion ca