电气专业毕业设计外文材料及翻译.docVIP

中 英 文 翻 译 专业：电气工程及其自动化 姓名：唐晓 学号：0628010132 指导老师：易晓郑 2010年5月28日 Power System Planning In anticipation of continued growth in the loads served by the electric ntilities, power systems must be continually expanded in capability. Long-range planning is essential to assure that necessary additions are technically adequate, reasonable in cost and fit into a growth pattern. The difficulties encountered by the long-ranged planner include:uncertainty of load growth with respect to both geography and time , the probability of new inwention or technological development. Good system planning strives for optimum design on a system-wide basis,not necessarily for minimum cost in one part of the system without regard to the effect on the other parts. In recent years,there has been an emphasis on economy in planning and operation. Now there is increased emphases on reliability and environmental factors. Before planning decisions are made, many factors must be carefully considered: Equipment decision have long-term effects requiring a forecast and study period of 15-25 years. There are many alternate means of generating electric power:nuclear, base-load fossil,mid-range combustion turbines or hydro, and in large, medium,or small-size plants, and different forms of energy storage. There are several alternate means of transmitting electric power,for example, by alternating or direct currrent ,overhead or undergroud cable, and all over a wide range of voltages. The planning decisions are affected by load management techniques and the load patterns. Uncertainty exists concerning the factors, such as future fuel costs, interst rates on money and capital availability, equipment forced-outage rates, new technologies and envionmental restrictions. Electric Power System Monitoring A modern electric power system is an assembly of many components, eachof which influences the behavior of every other part. Proper functioni