专科英语第一册第七单元.ppt

Grammer 动词不定式 结构 : to do (否定) not to do 二. 时态与语态 三. 用法/ 功能 (1). 主语 To see is to believe. It’s important to learn .不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语. (2). 表语 My job is to help the patient. Your task is to clean the classroom. (3) 宾语 I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again. think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有： hope, refuse, learn, set out choose, decide, agree, manage, pretend, plan. (4). 宾补 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to. (1). She could do nothing but cry. (2). I have no choice but to go. (3).What do you like to do besides sleep. (6) 状语 I came here to see you. He got up early to catch the train. in order to , so as to , enough to , only to , too….to., (7).独立结构 To tell the truth, I don’t agree with you. to be frank, to be honest, to tell the truth 关于小品词to (1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要 省略该动词. eg: Would you like to go with me ? I’d like to . (2). 不定式是to be 结构, be 不可省. eg: Would you like to be a teacher? I’d like to be. 不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等 He didn’t know what to say.他不知道说什么。(宾语) How to solve the problem is very important.如何解决这个问题很重要。(主语) My question is when to start.我的问题是什么时候开始。(表语) 注意：在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。 Why not have a rest? 固定句型: had better/had best + (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事 Why (not) do sth.? …prefer to do/prefer doing …prefer + n./doing A +to + n./doing B …prefer + to do A rather than (to) do B …would rather (not) do sth. …would rather do A than (do) B …would rather + 句子（过去式） （虚拟语气） 要做…… (1).They pretended not to see us. (一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后.) (2). He pretended to be sleeping. (在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行) (3).She pretended to have known it before. (完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前) (4).We’re happy to have been working with