重叠共识理论下基因治疗的伦理问题探究.docVIP

重叠共识理论下基因治疗的伦理问题探究 叶少芳 刘婵娟 温州医科大学健康与生命伦理研究中心 X 关注成功！ 加关注后您将方便地在 我的关注中得到本文献的被引频次变化的通知！ 新浪微博 腾讯微博 人人网 开心网 豆瓣网 网易微博 摘????要： 基因治疗是目前世界上最前沿的医学治疗, 其对人类自然性的深度干预是灾祸还是福音尚无法预测, 人类无法阻止科学与技术的进步, 却对由此带来的未知充满困惑和畏惧, 如何保持人类整体和种族的公正公平, 不伤害到未来世代的权利和福祉, 是非常严峻的伦理道德议题。本文首次以罗尔斯的“重叠共识”, 来对基因治疗进行审慎和伦理分析, 面对人类对基因治疗带来的未知风险与畏惧, 必须恪守尊重、不伤害、有利与公正等生命伦理学基本原则, 使人类基因治疗技术始终用于维护人类健康, 增加患者福祉, 而不是危及人类代际的生命安全和生存秩序。 关键词： 重叠共识; 基因治疗; “双刃剑”; 未知风险与畏惧; 作者简介：叶少芳, 温州医科大学健康与生命伦理研究中心讲师; 作者简介：刘婵娟, 温州医科大学健康与生命伦理研究中心研究员。 (温州325035) 基金：国家社科基金一般项目“医学科学研究中的伦理审查制度问题研究” (项目编号:16BZX109) Ethical Issues of Gene Therapy under the Overlapping Consensus Theory Ye Shaofang Liu Chanjuan Health and Life Ethics Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University; Abstract： Gene therapy is currently the most cutting-edge medical technique.Whether the deep intervention of gene therapy on human nature is a blessing or a curse is not yet possible to predict.Human cannot stop the developmentof science and technology, but are filled with confusion and fear about the uncertainty it holds.It is a severe ethical and moral issue how to keep the fairness and justice of humanity as a whole and race, meanwhile without harming rights and welfare of future generations.In this paper, we firstly conduct the discretion and ethical analysis of gene therapy through Rawls’Overlapping Consensus Theory.In front of the unknown risk and fear brought by gene therapy, it is our responsibility to abide by the fundamental bioethical principles of respect, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice.We should make the genomeediting techniquealways be used to maintain human health, increase the welfare of patients, rather than endanger the life safety and existent order of human generation. Keyword： overlapping consensus theory; gene therapy; double-edged sword; unknown risk and fear; 没有人能预知基因治疗会把人类带向何方。基因治疗是把“双刃剑”, 是福是祸引发的伦理问题备受关注, 在给癌症治疗等方面带来福音的同时, 也带来了一些问题, 如美国宾夕法尼亚州患鸟氨酸转氨甲酰酶缺乏症的18岁的Jesse Gelsinger因基因治疗不当致死, 通过基因编辑打造完美“设计婴儿”的构思等, 都让基因治疗引起强烈的社会伦理争议。