浸入式水口外文翻译.docVIP

Finite Element Analysis Applied to Redesign of Submerged Entry Nozzles for Steelmaking Abstract The production of steel by continuous casting is facilitated by the use of refractory hollow-ware components. A critical component in this process is the submerged entry nozzle (SEN). The normal operating conditions of the SEN are arduous, involving large temperature gradients and exposure to mechanical forces arising from the flow of molten steel; experimental development of the components is challenging in so hazardous