植物微小RNA_microRNA_研究进展_王磊精选.pdfVIP

20079(3):1823 Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology RNAmicroRNA / 100081 RNA22nt RNA RNAsiRNA miRNA RNase Dicer miRNA siRNA miRNA miRNA RNA RNA siRNARNA miRNA Progress of MicroRNA in Plants WANG Lei, FAN Yun-liu (Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, NFCRI, Beijing 100081, China) Abstract: Non-coding RNAs are abundant in eukaryotic cells, of which small RNAs constitute a family of regulatory RNAs of ~22nt in length. siRNA and miRNA are the two major types, both of which are produced by RNase III-like enzymes called Dicer in plants. They are incorporated into silencing complexes to guide repression of target genes. miRNAs are chemically and functionally similar to siRNAs but are derived from local stem-loop structures in the genome. miRNAs have recently been shown to play critical roles at each major stage of plant development, regulating a number of key pathways. They typically act at the core of a gene regulatory network, mostly targeting transcription factors and regulatory proteins that are involved in organ morphogenesis and plant development. Key words: small RNA; small interfering RNA (siRNA); microRNA (miRNA); development RNA small RNA RNA siRNAsmall/short interfering RNARNA mRNA miRNAmicroRNA2025nt RNase Dicer siRNA RNA miRNA RNARNA RNA RDRRNA dependent RNA polymerase 1 miRNA RNAsiRNA TGS transcriptional gene silencingPTGSpost-transcriptional gene silenc