英语葵花宝典其一(表示许多的词组).docx

英语中有许多词语可用来表示“许多”，根据性质可分为三大类。 1)修饰可数名词复数形式的有many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large (或great)/small number of等，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。例如：①A great/good many words and expressions have come into the language from American English.美国英语中的许多单词和短语进入了这门语言。②Many have come to visit the old temple. 许多人来是为了看看古庙。③Quite a few people didnt understand this. Very few would accept it. 许多人不明白这一点。很少有人愿意接受。④A great/small number of new factories have been set up in my hometown. 我们家乡建立了许多新的工厂。▲many和few, a few在句中可作定语、主语，但不能作表语。如只能说I have many/few books, 而不能说 Mybooks are many/few. ▲very many相当于a great/good many, 在程度上比many要强。▲a number of修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，the number of…作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：⑤A number of students have done the work well. 许多学生作业做得很好。⑥The number of the students in our school has risen this year. 今年我们学校学生的数量上升了。句⑤的 A number of作定语修饰主语 students。句⑥的介语短语 of the students in our school作定语，修饰前面的主语 the number, 表示特指，students 前的冠词the不能省。 2)修饰不可数名词的有much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of等。其后的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：①He has spent much/quite a little/a great deal of/a large amount of money on his new house. 他在新房子上花费了许多钱。②Much/A great deal/Quite a little has been done to stop the noise. 已采取了许多措施来制止污染。▲much, a great deal和 many一样，可作定语或主语，而不能作表语，我们一般说 He has much/a great deal of money, 而不说 His money is much(或a great deal)。▲a great deal后面不接名词时，不能用介词of。 3)既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词的有a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of等，谓语动词根据主语是可数或不可数决定单复数形式。例如：①There are a lot of/lots of people in that room. 那个房间里有许多人。②Theres a lot of/lots of rice in the bag. 那只口袋里有许多大米。③They dont have plenty of(=enough)rooms to live in/food to eat. 他们没有足够的房间住/没有足够的食品吃。2、除...外... 表达辨析except for, except, except that, but, besides 和 apart from 的中文意思均为“除...外”，但其具体用法不尽相同。1.except for: 用于非同类事物，它的宾语与前述对象完全是两回事。例如： The room was very cold and, except for Jack, entirely empty.这个房间很阴冷，而且除了杰克，完全是空荡荡的。本句中，前述对象是“房间”，而除去的对象是Jack，两者毫无关系。2.except:指同一类事物的总体中除去一部分，强调的是除去。例如：He gets up early everyday except Sunday.除星期天外，他每天早起。有时except与except