历史保护过程中的“绅士化”现象及其对策探讨.docVIP

历史保护过程中的“绅士化”现象及其对策探讨 　　摘要:在历史街区保护整治的过程中,伴随传统风貌维修和居住环境改善,往往会出现地区的绅士化现象。以国外绅士化问题研究的相关理论为方法,分析总结我国历史街区保护整治的模式和绅士化现象的基本特征。绅士化现象虽有利于街区物质形态的保存和历史风貌的延续,但不利于街区社会网络结构的维系和无形文化遗产的传承。历史街区往往是城市工薪阶层甚至贫困人群的聚居区,街区的绅士化会加剧社会分层和空间隔离,引发各种社会矛盾,不利于和谐社会的建设。因此必须切实推进公众参与历史街区保护,将保护整治工程与住宅保障机制建设有机结合,实现历史城区的全面复兴。 　　关键词:历史街区;保护整治;绅士化 ;社会隔离; 住宅保障体系 　　Abstract:During the process of preserving and rehabilitating historic districts, as the repair of traditional scenery and improvement of dwelling circumstances, gentrification frequently emerges in these areas. This essay will introduce related theories on gentrification in foreign countries, thus analyzing and summarizing models of preserving and rehabilitating historic districts and basic features of gentrification in China. Although gentrification helps reserve physical forms on districts and extend historical landscape, yet it is bad for maintaining social network on districts and passing down intangible heritage. Historic districts always serve for urban wage earners or even the poor; gentrification will exacerbate social stratification and spatial separation, thus leading to all kinds of social contradictions, which count against the building of a harmonious society. Therefore, the public should be involved in history protection; combine the project of preserving and rehabilitating historic districts and the building of housing security system together, thus realizing an entire revival of historic districts. 　　Key words:Historic districts, Preservation and rehabilitation,Gentrification, Social isolation, Housing security system. 　　中图分类号:TU984 文献标识码:A文章编号:1674-4144(2010)09-4(7) 　　 　　作者简介:张松 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院教授 博士生导师 　　赵明 中国城市规划设计研究院城市规划师 工学硕士 　　 　　近年来,历史街区的保护整治以及它对城市文化发展、城市特色维护、城市竞争力提升的重要作用得到了普遍认同。北京、上海等大城市先后完成了历史街区保护规划的编制工作,出台了相关保护条例①。一些城市的历史街区保护工作已经从抢救式保护阶段开始进入到全面复兴的探索阶段。上海新天地,北京南池子、什刹海等改造整治项目可作为历史街区复兴项目试点看待。然而,历史街区保护在改善街区环境面貌,提高居住质量的同时,往往会伴随出现街区及周边地段房价的大幅攀升、中产阶级等新居民到来和原住居民大量迁出等“绅士化”(gentrification)②现象。在历史街区的保护整治过程中,如何有效控制绅士化现象蔓延,保留部分原