《管理专业英语》课件-OP MANAGEMENTCHAPTER-5.ppt

What are “production” and “operations”? Production—is the conversion of resources such as materials, finances, people, and information into goods and services How does the conversion take place? Through the use of Technology Using a particular Conversion System The Major Production Process Synthetic Process Manufacturing process—converts raw materials into other products Assembly Process—Combines raw materials or parts into a finished product e.g. in the synthetic fabric industry, materials are changed through chemical and heat process before the final product being formed. Analytic System An analytic process breaks down raw materials into components to extract other products. For example, crude oil can be reduced to gasoline, kerosene, and wax. Continuous System Is the one which long production runs turn out finished goods over time. A chemical plant as an example, is run on a continuous process. Intermittent System It is used when responding to specific customer orders (make-to-order, MTO). This is an operation where the production run is short and the machines are changed frequently to make different products. For example, manufacture of customer-designed furniture would use an intermittent process. The Features of Operations Meaning Operations are the functions needed to keep the company producing, literally and function or series of functions enacted to carry out a strategic plan. Example Ford Motor Co. as an example, operations will usually include purchasing, materials management, inventory and quality control, maintenance and manufacturing engineering, and plant management, etc. Activities Include in Production and Operations Management First, the organization may engage in product development to come up with the goods and services it will produce Then, the organization has to decide where to produce the goods or service Next, production must be planned. As you see, planning takes place both before anything is produced and during production Finall