计算机专业英语0.ppt

计算机专业英语Computer Academic English Unit 10 Data Structure and Algorithms Unit 10 Data Structure and Algorithms 10.1 Abstract Data Types and Algorithms Data abstraction is a central concept in program design. The abstraction defines the domain and structure of the data, along with a collection of operations that access the data. Unit 10 Data Structure and Algorithms The abstraction, called an abstract data type (ADT) ,creates a user defined data type whose operations specify how a client may manipulate the data. The ADT is implementation independent and enables the programmer to focus on idealized models of the data and its operations. Unit 10 Data Structure and Algorithms 在项目设计中数据抽象是一个中心概念。定义了数据的域和结构,和一系列对数据的操作。抽象,被称为一个抽象数据类型(ADT),创建一个指定了用户如何操作数据的用户定义数据类型。ADT是执行独立的和可以让程序员专注于数据的理想化模型和操作。 Unit 10 Data Structure and Algorithms Examples 1. An accounting program for a small business maintains inventory information. Each item in the inventory is represented by a data record that includes the items identification number, the current stock level, pricing information, and reordering information. Unit 10 Data Structure and Algorithms A set of inventory handling operations updates the different information fields and initiates a reordering of stock when inventory levels fall below a certain threshold. The data abstraction describes an item as a record containing a series of information fields and operations that would be used by a company manager for inventory maintenance. Unit 10 Data Structure and Algorithms Operations might include changing the Stock on Hand value when units of the item are sold, changing the Unit Price when a new pricing policy is used, and initiating a reorder when the stock level falls below the reorder level. Unit 10 Data Structure and Algorithms 实例 1、一个小企业维持库存信息的会计程序。库存的每一个项目表示为一个数据记录,它包括物品的数量、当前库存量、价格信息、和再订购信息。一套库存的处理操作更新不同信息领域，和在库存量低于某一限度时启动补充库存。一个数据抽象描述一个物品为一个能被公司的存货经理使用的包括一系列信息和操作的记录。操作可能包括在物品被卖掉后改变库存量，在新的价格政策实行时改变物品的单价，在库存水平低于补货标准时进行补充库存。 Unit 1