Diana (2018) Visual versus Verbal Metacognition.pdf英文资料.pdfVIP

Chapter 9 Visual versus Verbal Metacognition: Are They Really Different? Rachel A. Diana and Lynne M. Reder In the lead role of his film That Obswre Object of Desire, Luis Bunuel uses two dif- ferent actresses, Carole Bouquet and Angela Molina, alternating between them depending on the mood of the scene At times, one actress walks into a doorway and the other actress appears on the other side. It is quite possible to be absorbed in watching the entire film without ever noticing that two different people are playing the same character at different times This finding is not unique An entire research enterprise has developed surrounding the phenomenon known as change blindness, where participants are not aware that their conversation partner has been switched with another person during a distraction (e g,, Rensink, ORegan, and Clark, 1997; Simons and Levin, 1998) It seemed amazing to us that such bold substitutions of actors could occur without awareness, but it is perhaps equally important to ask whether one should be surprised that people fail to notice these changes Do people typically assume that they would notice such major substitutions in the visual aspects of a display? The answer to that question is yes; people do assume that they will notice major visual events such as a change in who portrays a character (Levin et al., 2000) In fact, our intuitions about our visual abilities are often incorrect The military designed a new instntment panel for airplanes to be superimposed on the wind- shield of the plane, thus allowing the pilot to simultaneously view the area in front of the plane and the instruments of the control panel. The intuition was that placing the control panels on the windshield would improve efficiency and performance because pilots would not be required to move their head and eyes between co