fault tree analysis - 成大化工系.pptVIP

Boolean Algebra A OR B H A OR C H = (very high probability) (very high probability) (very high probability) Boolean Algebra A AND B OR A = C H B (very high probability) Fault Tree Analysis Part 1: Introduction 失誤樹分析沿革 (1)在1961~1962年間，由Bell Telephone Lab.的H. A. Watson開始發展。為空軍義勇兵飛彈的控制系統的一項研究計畫。 (2)第一篇發表之論文：1963年在由U. Of Washington與波音公司聯合主辦之safety Symposium上發表。 (3)於70年代初期開始被廣泛地應用。 (4)於1972年“Reactor Safety Study”，WASH-1400計畫中，首次為核工界所應用。 (5)亦被用於分析大型化工廠之安全分析及液化天然氣(LNG)工廠之安全分析。 (6)大部分之PRA計畫均採用Fault Tree Analysis (與Event Tree Analysis配合使用)。 General Description Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a deductive reasoning technique that focuses on one particular accident event. The fault tree itself is a graphic model that displays the various combinations of equipment faults and failures that can result in the accident event. The solution of the fault tree is a list of the sets of equipment failures and human/operator errors that are sufficient to result in the accident event of interest. The strength of FTA as a qualitative tool is its ability to break down an accident into basic equipment failures and human errors. This allows the safety analyst to focus preventive measures on these basic causes to reduce the probability of an accident. Purpose: Identify combinations of equipment failures and human errors that can result in an accident event. When to Use: a. Design: FTA can be used in the design phase of the plant to uncover hidden failure modes that result from combinations of equipment failures. b. Operation: FTA including operator and procedure characteristics can be used to study an operating plant to identify potential combinations of failures for specific accidents. Type of Results: A lis