免疫学教程免疫细胞.pptVIP

现代免疫学基础及进展第二讲 免疫细胞 焦志军 江苏大学附属医院 检验科主任兼中心实验室主任 博士、副教授、硕士生导师 History perspective:  Immunology  and Infectious Diseases An Overview Prophylactic infection by variolation to prevent smallpox in ancient China ? 人痘接种 (variolation）的 正式记载，最早见于明朝 隆庆年间 (1567～1572 )。 当时的诊所已设有专门的 痘科和种痘师。 ? 两种主要的人痘接种法： - 鼻苗法 旱苗法 水苗法 浆苗法 - 痘衣法 An Overview  Immune, Immunity and Immunology Immunology:  a discipline for discrimination of self and non-self WHAT IS the ‘SELF’ ? ? The materials encoded by genes in germ-line; ? The materials encountered by the immune system under developing ? The materials encountered by the immune system at the early stage of its development could be regarded as ‘SELF’. THREE FUNCTIONS OF IMMUNE SYSTEM ? immune defense -- anti-infection ? homeostasis -- immune regulation, autoimmunity ? immune surveillance -- anti-tumors Immunologists as Nobel Price Laureates since 1972 year winner main achievement 1972 Porter RR, Edelmann GM Chemical structure of antibody 1977 Yalow RR Radio-immunoassay 1980 Snell S, Dausset J, Major histocompatibility complex Benacceraf B 1984 Milstein C, Kohler GE Monoclonal antibody 1984 Jrena NK Theory for immune regulation1 1988 Tonegawa S Gene re-arrangement in antibody production 1991 Thomas ED, Murry J Transplantation immunology 1996 Doherty PC, Zinkernagel RM MHC restriction in T cell responses 第二章 免疫组织与器官 免疫系统: 免疫组织和器官 免疫细胞 免疫分子 骨髓 (bone marrow, BM) 重要的造