在职硕士GCT考试上海交通大学英语讲义9—完型填空.ppt

完形填空 （2） 名词和所有格 英语名词可数与否不可凭汉语随意推测。有些名词只有单数形式即不可数名词（包括几乎所有物质名词和部分抽象名词）作单数使用。 常见的不可数名词： Advice, assistance, accommodation, baggage, breed, business, cash, clothing, co-operation, dirt, damage, destiny, education, entertainment, equipment, evidence,fever, food, fun, furniture, Gold, grass, homework, housework, ice, information, knowledge, land, laughter, lightning, Luggage, mail, meat, money, music, nonsense, passion, personnel, progress, protection, research, rice, rubbish, scenery, significance, sugar, traffic, trash, tuition, wealth, weather, etc. 有些名词单复数同形，如： Aircraft, Chinese, deer, fish, Japanese, offspring, sheep, shark, etc. Examples: I’m a Chinese.As Chinese we of course are for Chinese. Fish are the main course at the family dinner. 有些名词形式上是复数，实际上是单数，相关的动、代词也为单数： Crops, means, news, series, species, etc. 有些名词只以复数形式出现，与其配用的动、代词也为复数： Jeans, (eye)glasses, pants, scissors, shorts, trousers,belongings, clothes, customs, goods, manners, morals, remains, savings, surroundings, thanks, outskirts, valuables, wages, etc. 名词所有格的形式： 有生命的：Kennedy’s murder, 表示某些时间与距离的关系： Three minutes’ walking 无生命的：a concise dictionary of synonyms 所有格名词后的人或事物分属不同的人，用多个所有格符号： Both Liu’s and Li’s bikes are missing . 同属多人，用一个所有格符号：I’m Jone and Julia’s friend. 所有格后的名词是广为知晓的建筑、商店等，该名词可省略： St. Peter’s ( Cathedral) MacDonald’s ( snack) 还有一些所有格的固定用法： A night’s absence Art for art’s sake At one’s wit’s endfor heaven’s sakein my mind’s sake Ten dollars’ worth The earth’s surface / the sea’s depth 不定代词； Each 代替两个或两个以上中的一个: Each of the twins was awarded a toy panda. Every 代替三个或三个以上中的一个: Every nation enjoys the same right to choose its own social system 不定代词All 与 形容词 whole的区别 All 代表每一各别的人、事、物，可做单数也可做复数。 Whole 代表各别人、事、物的整体或全体， 作单数。 *All the staff members have collected the money for their boss’s birthday present. * The whole staff has collected the money for their boss’s birthday present. More Examples: All the fingers have become infected. /