宾语从句及直接引语 复习.pptVIP

Review 宾 语 从 句 引导词 语序： 时态： that if/whether 疑问词 陈述语序 主句为现在时态，从句可以是需要的任何时态 主句为过去时态，从句应使用相应的过去的时态。 从句如果描述的是客观真理、科学理论等则永远用一般现在时态。 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 直接引语与间接引语 直接引语： 直接引述别人的原话.直接引语的前后必须加引号。 间接引语： 转述别人的话。间接引语前后不加引号。 间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句 直接引语与间接引语的定义 直接引语变间接引语可分为四大类： 1）直接引语为陈述句 2）直接引语一般疑问句 4）直接引语为祈使句 3）直接引语为特殊疑问句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时， 用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的say, 也可用tell来代替，注意，可以说say that/ say to sb. that, tell sb. that，不可直接说tell that 陈述句 e.g. He often says,“China is great.” → He often says (that) China is great. Tom says,“I am a student.” → Tom says (that) he is a student. He said,“I leave my book in your room” → He said /told me (that) he left his book in my room. 一般疑问句 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether/if I was interested in English. He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. 间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词say要改为ask ，语序要变为陈述语序 特殊疑问句 He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序 直接引语是祈使句，则改为 Ask/tell/order sb. (not) to do sth. 其他变化同上。 祈使句 He said, “Please come here tomorrow.” The teacher said, “Don’t talk any more.” He asked me to go there the next day. The teacher told us not to talk any more. １）人称的变化 口诀 　　说明 直接引语 间接引语 一 随 主 二随宾 三 不 变 引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致 引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保 持一致 引号内的第三人 称在变间引后去人 称不变 She said,“ I like Tennis.” She said that she liked tennis He said to Lily, “ you must get up early” He told Lily that she must get up early She said to me , “ They want to help him” She said to/told me that they wanted help him 一随主，二随宾，三不变 Practice: 1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” He said __