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摘要 随着科学技术的发展,图像压缩技术越来越引起人们的关注。为此从众多的图像压缩编码标准中选取了基于DCT变换的JPEG图像压缩编码算法进行研究，并通过对比分析各种软件特性选取了MATLAB进行实验仿真。 首先说明了图像压缩在现代通信中的必要性和可行性，然后讲述了MATLAB及其图像处理工具箱的相关知识，并对基于DCT变换的JPEG图像压缩算法进行了详细的研究，重点介绍了JPEG压缩编码的具体过程和方法 ,详细介绍了编码中DCT变换、量化、熵编码和霍夫曼编码等模块的原理和数学推导以及各模块的功能分析。最后应用MATLAB进行了实验仿真并分析结果得出结论。 实验结果表明基于DCT 变换的JPEG 图像压缩方法简单、方便,既能保证有较高的压缩比，又能保证有较好的图像质量，应用MATLAB仿真出来的结果较好的反应了其编码算法原理。 关键词：JPEG图像压缩；DCT；MATLAB；图像处理工具箱 Abstract With the development of science and technology, image compression technology is increasingly a cause for concern. To do this select from the many image compression coding standard DCT-based JPEG image compression coding algorithm research and comparative analysis of various software features selected experimental simulation of MATLAB. First, illustrates the necessity and feasibility of image compression in modern communication, and knowledge about MATLAB and its Image Processing Toolbox, and a detailed study based on DCT-JPEG image compression algorithm, highlight JPEG compression coding process and details the encoded DCT, quantization, entropy coding and Huffman coding module principle and mathematical derivation and function of each module. The final application of MATLAB simulation experiments and analyze the results concluded. Experimental results show that the DCT-based JPEG compression method is simple, convenient, can guarantee a higher compression ratio, but also ensures that there is a better image quality, application of MATLAB simulation results better reflect its coding algorithm principle . Keywords : JPEG image compression; the DCT; MATLAB; Image Processing Toolbox 目录 摘要 1 Abstract 2 1. 绪论 4 1.1. 课题背景 4 1.1.1. 离散余弦变换 5 1.1.2. 预测技术 5 1.2. 图像压缩技术的发展和现状 6 1.2.1. 图像编码技术发展历史 6 1.2.2. 图像编码技术的现状 6 1.3.MATLAB 及其图像处理工具箱 6 2. 图像压缩编码理论算法 8 2.1. DCT变换的思想来源 8 2.2. 基于DCT的JPEG图像压缩编码步骤 9 2.2.1. 颜色空间的转换和采样 9 2.2.2. 二维离散余弦变换 10 2.2.3. DCT系数的量化 12 2.2.4. 量化系数的编排 13 2.2.5. DC系数的编码 14 2.2.6. AC系数的编码 14 2.2.7. 组成位数据流 15 2.2.8. DCT变换在图像压缩中的应用 17 2.3. JPEG2000压缩算法 18