计算机英语第三版机械工业出版社课后题目答案精选.docVIP

Unit One/Section A I.Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text: 1.Charles Babbage;Augusta Ada Byron 2.input;output 3.VLSI 4.workstations;mainframes 5.vacuum;transistors 6.instructions;software 7.digit;eight;byte 8.microminiaturization;chip II.Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa: 1.artificial intelligence人工智能 2.paper-tape reader纸带阅读器 3.optical computer光计算机 4.neural network神经网络 5.instruction set指令集 6.parallel processing并行处理 7.difference engine差分机 8.versatile logical element通用逻辑元件 9.silicon substrate硅衬底 10.vacuum tube真空管 11.数据的存储与处理the storage and handling of data 12.超大规模集成电路very large-scale integrated circuit 13.中央处理器central processing unit 14.个人计算机personal computer 15.模拟计算机analogue computer 16.数字计算机digital computer 17.通用计算机general-purpose computer 18.处理器芯片processor chip 19.操作指令operating instructions 20.输入设备input device III.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list,making changes if necessary: We can define a computer as a device that accepts input,processes data,stores data,and produces output.According to the mode of processing,computers are either analog or digital. They can also be classified as mainframes,minicomputers,workstations,or microcomputers. All else(for example,the age of the machine)being equal,this categorization provides some indication of the computer’s speed,size,cost,and abilities. Ever since the advent of computers,there have been constant changes.First-generation computers of historic significance,such as UNIVAC(通用自动计算机),introduced in the early 1950s,were based on vacuum tubes.Second-generation computers,appearing in the early 1960s,were those in which transistors replaced vacuum tubes.In third-generation computers,dating from the 1960s,integrated circuits replaced transistors.In fourth-generation computers such as microcomputers,which first appeared in the mid-1970s,large-scale integration enabled thousands of circuits to be incorporated on one chip