2017年秋人教版七年级数学上《2.2.3整式的加减》同步四维训练含答案.docVIP

2.2.3　整式的加减 知识点一:整式的加减 1.化简: (1)3(x-y)-2(x+y)-5(x-y)+4(x+y)+3(x-y); (2)y-{y-2x+[5x-3(y+2x)+6y]}. 解(1)3(x-y)-2(x+y)-5(x-y)+4(x+y)+3(x-y)=3(x-y)-5(x-y)+3(x-y)-2(x+y)+4(x+y)=(x-y)+2(x+y)=x-y+2x+2y=3x+y. (2)y-{y-2x+[5x-3(y+2x)+6y]} =y-[y-2x+(5x-3y-6x+6y)] =y-(y-2x+5x-3y-6x+6y) =y-y+2x-5x+3y+6x-6y =3x-3y. 知识点二:整式的加减的应用 2.导学知小明的年龄是m岁,小红的年龄比小明的年龄的2倍少4岁,小华的年龄比小红的年龄的还多1岁,求这三名同学的年龄的和. 解由题意可知小红的年龄为(2m-4)岁,小华的年龄为岁,则这三名同学的年龄的和为m+(2m-4)+ =m+2m-4+(m-2+1)=4m-5(岁). 答:这三名同学的年龄的和是(4m-5)岁. 拓展点一:与整式的加减有关的化简求值题 1.先化简,再求值:3(y+2x)-[3x-(x-y)]-2x,其中x,y互为相反数. 解3(y+2x)-[3x-(x-y)]-2x=3y+6x-3x+x-y-2x=2(x+y). 因为x,