研究生读说写第一册第十单元Unit10ItTakesaVillage.docVIP

Unit 10 It Takes a Village Background Information 1. About the author the text Donald L. McCabe is the leading researcher on academic integrity in the United States. He is a professor of Organization Management at Rutgers University, and helped found the Center for Academic Integrity at Duke. During the past ten years he has surveyed over 14,000 students at 60 colleges and universities. His work appears frequently in business, education, and sociology journals. The text is an extract from his essay It Takes a Village: Academic Dishonesty Educational Opportunity, which was published in Liberal Education in 2005. 2. Academic dishonesty Academic integrity is a fundamental value of teaching, learning and scholarship. Yet there is growing evidence of students dishonesty during their academic career. Two major forms of academic dishonesty are cheating and plagiarizing. Cheating means getting unauthorized help on an assignment, a quiz, or an examination. Plagiarism means submitting someone elses work as ones own. For example, copying material from a book or other source without acknowledging that the words or ideas are someone elses is plagiarism. Factors identified to influence academic dishonesty include competition and pressures for good grades, instructional situations that are perceived as unfair or excessively demanding, faculty who are perceived as uncaring or indifferent to their own teaching or to their students learning, lax attitudes on the part of faculty toward academic dishonesty, peer pressure to support a friend, and a diminishing sense of academic integrity and ethical values among students. 3. Honor code An honor code or honor system is a set of rules or principles governing a community based on a set of rules or ideals that define what constitutes honorable behavior within that community. The use of an honor code depends on the idea that people (at least within the community) can be trusted to act honorably. Those who are in violation of the honor co