2018届高考英语全程训练语法强化训练(七)　助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气.doc

语法强化训练(七)　助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气 基础达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2017·北京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________ easily reach the books on the top shelf. 【答案】can　此处表示“班里最高的男孩塞缪尔可以很容易地够到书架顶部的书”，应填can“能够；可以”。 2．(2017·天津卷)My room is a mess, but I ________ not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning. 【答案】need　由后面的“I can do it in the morning.”可知，此处表示“没必要今晚打扫”，故need not符合语意。 3．(2015·四川卷)You ________ be careful with the camera.It costs! 【答案】must　考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：你千万要当心这个相机。它价格不菲！从后面It costs！可以推知说话者要求“你”对相机“千万要小心”，此处表示必须，因此要用must。 4．(2015·江苏卷)It might have saved me some trouble if I ________ (know) the schedule. 【答案】had known　句意：如果我早知道这个计划表，可能会给我省去一些麻烦。根据语境和主句中的might have saved可推知，此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，故if引导的条件状语从句中谓语动词用had done结构，故填had known。 5．(2016·北京卷)Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________ (tell) me，I could have helped. 【答案】had told　根据句意和相关信息判断，条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设，此时从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“情态动词＋have done”形式。 6．(2016·浙江卷)________ (have) the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005. 【答案】Had　这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句，使用了倒装句式。根据主句的would not have fallen可知，这里是表示对过去的虚拟，故填Had。 7．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Truly elegant chopsticks might ________ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 【答案】be made　chopsticks和make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空格前有might，所以用be made。 8．(2015·天津卷)I wish I ________ (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. 【答案】had been　wish引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用had done形式表达。 Ⅱ.单句改错 1．(2015·四川卷)If you are me, would you talk to them? ________ 【答案】are→were　根据句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，be动词应用were。 2．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)We must found ways to protect our environment. ________ 【答案】found→find　情态动词must后接动词原形。 3．(2017·浙江卷)Without hesitation, I decided to follow them and we did had lots of fun that day. ________ 【答案】had→have　did加强语气，后跟动词原形。 4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I should available any time after school next week. ________ 【答案】should后加be　助动词后如果跟形容词应该加be。 5．(2016·江苏卷)Therefore，rules should work