英汉语聚集与流散.ppt

Differences between two languages in syntax Most English sentences contain subordinate structures, which is modifier to other components of the main clause. Those subordinate structures include phrases and clauses. This structural form brings English sentences length and complex layers. In general, English sentences are longer than Chinese ones . In Chinese there are many loose sentence, diffusive sentences, omission sentences, compact complex sentences and flow-like sentences. Reasons for English sentence length 1、The use of connective words, formal change, and grammatical rules, which define clearly relations between the parts . 2、The flexible word order provides English sentences with freedoms in selection of appropriate terms. 3 、The formal pronouns of “it” and “there” usually make it possible to put the longest part at the end of the sentence, thus realizing end-weight. 4、The end-open feature makes the feature even more apparent. The boy begged. The boy in black begged. The boy in black begged for bread. The boy in black begged for a piece of bread. The boy in black begged the passersby for a piece of bread. The boy in black begged the passersby hopefully for a piece of bread. The boy in black begged the hurrying passersby hopefully for a piece of bread. The boy in black begged the hurrying passersby hopefully for a piece of bread, but unsuccessfully. Replacement The boy begged those who hurried home for a piece of bread. The boy begged those who hurried home for something that he can comfort his stomach. The one left by his parents begged who hurried home for something that he can comfort his stomach. Contrast Between English and Chinese Chinese Chinese: left-extending, heavy-headed like a lion 狮子型语言 English English: right-extendingheavy-tailed like a peacock 孔雀型语言 姑娘 北京姑娘