ORACLE培训资料Less18.pptVIP

Backup and Recovery Concepts Objectives After completing this you should be able to do the following: Describe the basics of database backup, restore and recovery. List the types of failure that may occur in an Oracle Database. Describe ways to tune instance recovery. Identify the importance of checkpoints, redo log files, and archived log files. Configure ARCHIVELOG mode. Backup and Recovery Issues The administrator’s duty is to: Protect the database from failure wherever possible. Increase the Mean-Time-Between-Failures (MTBF). Decrease the Mean-Time-To-Recover (MTTR). Minimize the loss of data. Categories of Failures Failures can generally be divided into the following categories: Statement failure User process failure Network failure User error Instance failure Media failure Statement Failures User Process Failure Network Failure User Errors User ErrorsFull Notes Page Instance Failure Instance Recovery Instance or crash recovery: Is caused by attempts to open a database whose files were not synchronized on shutdown Is automatic Uses information stored in redo log groups to synchronize files Involves two distinct operations Rolling forward: Data files are restored to their state before the instance failed. Rolling back: Changes made but not committed are returned to their original state. Phases of Instance Recovery Data files out-of-sync Roll forward (redo) Committed and non-committed data in files Roll back (undo) Committed data in files Tuning Instance Recovery During instance recovery the transactions between the checkpoint position and end of redo log must be applied to the data files. Tune instance recovery by controlling the difference between the checkpoint position and end of redo log. Using the MTTR Advisor Specify the desired time in seconds or minutes. Default value is 0 (disabled). Maximum value is 3600 seconds (one hour). Media Failure Configuring for Recoverability To configure your database for maximum recoverability: Schedule regular backups Mult