科尔尼为中远集团做—物流行业及发展趋势研究报告（ppt98）.pptVIP

“Demand-Pull” logistics requires the logistics service providers to be flexible and to “control” a large part or the entire supply chain Suppliers Manufacturing Demand indirectly drives manufacturing volume through forecasts Warehouse Wholesale/Retail “Supply-push” Logistics Chain Suppliers B2B Exchange Manufacturing Direct Delivery “Demand-pull” Logistics Chain Manufacturing driven by actual demand The rate of supply was set by the manufacturer in advance, based on expected demand It was the role of the logistics providers to ensure a just-in-time supply of components The rate of manufacture is determined on a real-time basis by the rate of demand While this model is more efficient, it requires perfect integration of all logistics operations within one process Source: Lehman Brothers, A.T. Kearney Analysis Leading logistics service providers are developing logistics one-stop-shops - from raw material sourcing to delivery of finished goods Raw Materials Sourcing Production Planning Factory Sourcing Manufacturing Control Quality Assurance Export Documentation Shipping Customer Order Placement Receipt of Finished Goods Source: A.T. Kearney Finance materials Finance production Arrange payment for transportation Financing Purchase raw materials: fabric and trim Select factories with the required skills, specialty or capacity Sourcing Coordinate production transportation Consolidate and ship goods to customers Prepare import/export documentation Provide shipment tracking Logistics Services Arrange and schedule materials delivery Create and manage production schedules Ensure quality Provide tracking Supply Chain Management Full Service Provisioning Key Capabilities Customers are increasingly interested in contracts with both fixed and variable pricing schemes - based on risk sharing Note: (1) 17 respondents Source: A.T. Kearney 1998 3PL survey Type of Pricing Schemes in Logistics Contracts (1) - Global Trend in Pricing Schemes Cost-Plus Mixture of Fixed/ Variab