从基因组学理解牛生理机能.pptVIP

* * * * Our * * * I. Cassar-Malek, B. Picard, M. Bonnet, L. Journaux, J.-F. Hocquette, G. RenandFRANCE Genomics to better understand cattle physiology（从基因组学理解牛生理机能） D I E T A G R I C U L T U R E E N V I R O N M E N T SFIFBID-2, Sept. 20-22, 2012, Beijing, China An economic challenge经济上的挑战 Satisfy the predicted high demand for meat with increasing human population（满足人口增长对肉产品的大量需求） Control animal performance more accurately（准确控制动物生产性能 ） Satisfy demand by consumers for safe high quality products.（为消费者提供优质、安全的产品） Potential economic gains（潜在经济利益） The value of animal production at farm level in the European Union-25 (EU25) is €132 billion, amounting to 40% of the value of agricultural production (2004).（2004年，欧盟畜牧生产总值1320亿欧元，占农业生产总值的40%） A conservative estimate of the economic gain achieved each year by animal breeding at farm level is €1.83 billion in Europe alone. （保守估计，欧洲每年获得的遗传进展可创造18.3亿欧元的经济利益） Hence, the genetic gain achieved by breeders is carried over to producers as an economic gain reaching approximately 1.5% of the economic value of EU farm animal production. （因此，育种工作获得的遗传进展可使欧洲畜牧生产的效益提高约1.5%） From FABRE Technology Platform, February 2006. Sustainable Animal Breeding and Reproduction – a Vision for 2025 * One Euro invested for genomic selection, three Euros earned (Fest’IA, 2012).（基因组选择中投入1欧元，可获利3欧元） A 1% improvement in feed efficiency in beef cattle has the same economic impact as a 3% increase in rate of gain (/FeedEfficiencyBeefCattleISU.pdf).（肉牛饲料利用率提高1%，可提高3%的经济效益） Worldwide the productivity of farm animals is 30–40% below their genetic potential because of suboptimal conditions and health status (Leo den Hartog, Nutreco Director RD).（由于不够理想的环境条件和健康状况，全世界家畜生产性能比其真实遗传潜力低30-40%） * Potential economic gains潜在的经济效益 Increase our knowledge of animal biology (增进对动物生理过程的理解） Elucidate molecular mechanisms(分子机理阐述） A major scientific challenge（重要的科学挑战） Analyse gene expression (transcripts, proteins) in tissues of interest for c